JURNAL ILMIAH RESEARCH STUDENT

DINAMIKA PSIKOLOGI PERILAKU JUDOL PADA REMAJA : SEBAGAI BENTUK PATOLOGI SOSIAL

Afnaldy Naufal Riansyah, Nor Fatmah — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Maraknya fenomena judi online (judol) di era digital telah bertransformasi menjadi bentuk patologi sosial nyata yang sangat mengkhawatirkan di Indonesia, terutama karena menyasar kelompok remaja yang berada dalam fase transisi psikologi rentan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi dan memahami secara mendalam esensi dari fenomena psikologis, dampak, serta perilaku menyimpang remaja pelaku judi online sebagai bentuk penyakit masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi, di mana pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipatif serta wawancara semi terstruktur bersama seorang informan mahasiswa berusia 20 tahun di kota palangka raya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keterlibatan informan dalam judi online di picu oleh pengaruh lingkungan, rasa penasaran, serta distorsi kognitif mengenai skema modal taruhan. Perilaku adiktif ini mendorong tindakan anomie berupa inovasi menyimpang seperti berbohong, mencuri uang orang tua, berhutang, hingga menjual asset pribadi demi modal taruhan dan menutupi utang. Secara psikologis, aktivitas judol ini mengakibatkan stress kronis, kecemasan, penurunan fungsi eksekutif otak, rusaknya ritme sirkadian akibat begadang, serta degradasi akademik drastis. Secara sosial, judol memicu isolasi diri, keretakan hubungan pertemanan karena hilangnya rasa percaya (trust issue), serta penurunan solidaritas sosial di masyarakat.

Studi Model Lantai Basement dengan Menggunakan Tiang Pancang Mini Pile Guna Menggurangi Penurunan Studi Kasus Hotel Grand Jamboo Kabupaten Jember

Ahmad Satriyo Sindu Pamungkas, Pujo Priyono, Arief Alihudien — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Pembangunan basement pada gedung bertingkat di wilayah dengan kondisi tanah lunak memerlukan sistem pondasi yang mampu meningkatkan daya dukung tanah sekaligus mengurangi risiko penurunan (settlement). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model lantai basement dengan penggunaan tiang pancang mini pile pada proyek Hotel Grand Jamboo Kabupaten Jember sebagai upaya meminimalkan penurunan tanah dan meningkatkan kestabilan struktur. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui analisis data investigasi tanah berupa uji Standard Penetration Test (SPT), data perencanaan bangunan, serta pemodelan struktur menggunakan program SAP2000. Analisis meliputi perhitungan gaya uplift, pembebanan struktur, koefisien subgrade reaction, kapasitas daya dukung tiang berdasarkan metode Meyerhof, penulangan pelat basement, serta evaluasi settlement dan differential settlement. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai reaksi struktur maksimum sebesar 48,869 kN masih lebih kecil dibandingkan daya dukung izin tiang sebesar 121,239 kN, sehingga sistem pondasi dinyatakan aman. Analisis penurunan menunjukkan settlement maksimum sebesar 1 cm, masih berada di bawah batas izin Bowles sebesar 7,5 cm, sedangkan nilai differential settlement sebesar 0,002 juga memenuhi syarat keamanan. Dengan demikian, penggunaan tiang pancang mini pile pada lantai basement terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan stabilitas struktur dan mengurangi potensi penurunan pada tanah lunak

Sosiologi Lembaga Pendidikan: Negosiasi Identitas Siswa dari Keluarga Prasejahtera dalam Mencapai Mobilitas Sosial

Muh. Hanif, Lu’lu Abyadah — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article is designed to examine the negotiation of identity among students from pre-prosperous families in achieving educational mobility at Madrasah Aliyah through the perspective of the sociology of educational institutions. The main focus is directed at the claim that students from pre-prosperous families negotiate their social identity through academic achievement, discipline, and support networks in order to achieve educational mobility. The field research was conducted at MAN 2 Banyumas, which empirically demonstrates social practices related to this issue. Primary data were collected through observation of academic achievement as a strategy to gain social recognition, interviews with guidance and counseling teachers and pre-prosperous students, as well as documentation of institutional policies and programs. The three dimensions of evidence examined are: (1) academic achievement as a strategy for students to obtain social recognition, (2) teacher support and scholarships that sustain educational continuity, and (3) students' social resilience in facing family economic constraints. Using a qualitative case study approach, this article demonstrates how social relations, institutional norms, educational authority, as well as students' and teachers' experiences shape everyday educational practices. The contribution of this article does not stop at case description, but also builds a theoretical argument about how educational institutions function as social arenas that produce trust, identity, discipline, solidarity, and social change. The research findings are expected to enrich discussions on the sociology of Islamic education in Indonesia and offer recommendations for strengthening the governance of educational institutions based on field data.

Analysis of Technical Competency Degradation Risks in Developers Due to AI Code Assistant Usage: A Systematic Literature Review

Dandy Trisniprya Mardiecka, Evy Nurmiati — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Adopsi luas AI code assistant seperti GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT, dan Amazon CodeWhisperer telah mentransformasi alur kerja pengembangan perangkat lunak secara signifikan. Meskipun alat-alat ini menawarkan peningkatan produktivitas yang terdokumentasi, termasuk penyelesaian tugas hingga 55% lebih cepat, penggunaannya yang tidak kritis menimbulkan risiko serius terhadap kompetensi teknis developer yang masih kurang dikaji dalam literatur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis risiko degradasi kompetensi teknis developer akibat penggunaan AI code assistant melalui tinjauan kepustakaan sistematis. Literatur dikumpulkan dari ScienceDirect, Scopus, dan Google Scholar dalam rentang 2020–2026, diseleksi menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan, dan dianalisis secara tematik. Temuan mengidentifikasi empat bentuk utama degradasi kompetensi: (1) deskilling, yaitu erosi kemampuan teknis fundamental akibat delegasi kognitif berulang kepada AI; (2) cognitive passivity, kondisi developer berhenti melakukan penalaran algoritmik aktif terutama dalam mode eksplorasi; (3) silent unlearning, hilangnya kompetensi secara diam-diam terutama pada developer berpengalaman; dan (4) misleading sense of competence, ilusi kompetensi akibat keberhasilan menghasilkan kode dengan bantuan AI. Risiko ini dipengaruhi oleh lima faktor: tingkat pengalaman developer, mode penggunaan AI, skala dan kompleksitas proyek, praktik verifikasi output, serta ketersediaan pelatihan formal. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa degradasi kompetensi bukan sekadar masalah teknis, melainkan berimplikasi pada pelanggaran standar etika profesi yang ditetapkan ACM dan IEEE. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa AI code assistant harus diadopsi secara kritis dan reflektif demi menjaga kompetensi teknis dan tanggung jawab profesional.

Dinamika Pemerolehan dan Pembelajaran Bahasa dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Berkelanjutan

Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article reviews the dynamics of language acquisition and teaching from the perspective of continuing education. This study aims to analyze the differences in characteristics between children's language acquisition and adult language learning and their relationship to the development of lifelong education. The method used is qualitative research with a literature study approach through various relevant source analyses. The results of the study show that language acquisition occurs naturally, intuitively, and unconsciously, while language learning is formal, organized, and conscious. Age, motivation, environment, social interaction, and teaching methods influence the success of these processes. In the perspective of continuing education, language teaching must be structured in a contextual, communicative, and adaptive manner in order to develop students' linguistic competence, literacy, and character continuously throughout their lives.

Perceraian Dalam Fiqh Mazhab Dan Sistem Peradilan

Ahmad Habib Dairobi, Muhammad Amar Adly — Fri, 26 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to discuss the concept of marriage dissolution from the perspective of the four schools of fiqh, namely Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali. This research focuses on the legal comparison of divorce as the main form of marriage dissolution by analyzing the harmony between the views of fiqh and positive law in Indonesia, such as Law No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach, where data is collected from classical books, the Qur'an, Hadith, and legal documents. The results of this study show that the breakdownof marriage can occur in various forms, including divorce, fasakh, khulu', li'an, and zhihar, although divorce is the main focus due to its prevalence. The four madhhabs are similar in the basic principles of divorce, but differ in details such as the conditions, pillars, and categories of divorce. The research also notes that the ruling on divorce can vary from permissible, makruh, haram, sunnah, or wajib depending on the context. This research provides a deeper insight into the complexity of Islamic law regarding the dissolution of marriage, which is relevant to the legal needs of modern society as well as the application of Shari'a in the national legal system.

The Effect of Using Debate Strategy On 11th Grade Students Speaking Skill in SMA (SLUA) Saraswati 1 Denpasar

I Made Agus Sastra Wiguna, Igna Wijaya Mahardika, I Dewa Gede Rat Dwiyana Putra — Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect Debate strategy and Discussion Strategy on the speaking skills of Eleventh grade students at SMA (SLUA) Saraswati 1 Denpasar. The researcher used a quantitative method with a Quasi-experimental design. The sample consist of 30 students for the experimental group and 30 students for comparison group. XI 3 Regular as the experimental group and XI 4 regular as the comparison group. The research instrument used is speaking test. In this study, the researcher collected the data from the pre-test and post-test. Data analysis using descriptive statistical analysis, test normality, test homogeneity and A Mann Whitney U test. Based on the calculation using SPSS application, The result showed p = >.001. Based on the result, there was no significant effect between the two group. Based on this finding, it can be concluded that Debate strategy and Discussion strategy give no significant effect for improving students speaking skill.

GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN GENERASI Z TENTANG PENYAKIT MENULAR SEKSUAL

Nindy Safitri — Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penyakit Menular Seksual (PMS) merupakan infeksi yang ditularkan melalui hubungan seksual, ditandai dengan gejala seperti ruam, lepuh, keputihan, dan nyeri di area kelamin. Beragam jenis PMS, termasuk chlamydia, gonore, sifilis, herpes, HPV, dan HIV, menjadi ancaman kesehatan global. WHO memperkirakan sekitar 350 juta kasus baru PMS terjadi setiap tahun di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Di Kalimantan Utara pada tahun 2023, angka kumulatif HIV/AIDS mencapai 1.425 kasus, dengan 229 kasus baru, dan 488 kasus PMS lainnya. Kota Tarakan mencatat jumlah tertinggi, yaitu 653 kasus HIV/AIDS kumulatif, 109 kasus baru, dan 459 kasus PMS lainnya. Pencegahan PMS memerlukan informasi yang akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tingkat pengetahuan generasi z tentang PMS. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan sampel 115 mahasiswa. Kuesioner digunakan sebagai instrumen, dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan perangkat lunak, disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang PMS, yaitu 94 orang (81,7%). Mayoritas karakteristik responden berusia 21 tahun 48 orang (41,7%) dan berusia 22 tahun 47 orang (40,9%). Responden didominasi perempuan (86%) dan beragama Islam (67%). Pekerjaan orang tua responden sebagian besar adalah buruh (20,9%), dan sebagian besar responden tidak bekerja (88,7%). Mayoritas responden memperoleh informasi tentang PMS dari media elektronik yaitu sebanyak 68 orang. Kesimpulannya, tingkat pengetahuan generasi z, khususnya mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) angkatan 2021, mengenai PMS berada dalam kategori baik

Mengatasi Penurunan Attention Span Mahasiswa Akibat TikTok dan Reels: Tinjauan Pustaka tentang Strategi Belajar Akademik

Aprima Fitria Candra, Desy Safitri, Sujarwo Sujarwo — Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Attention span is a person’s ability to focus on a piece of information without being distracted for a certain period of time. This study aims to examine the learning strategies employed by university students to adress the decline in their attention span resulting from the use of TikTok and Reels. Using a literature study approach, data were collected from scientific journal articles and official websites discussing the use of short-form videos, attention apan among university students, and reccomended strategies for addressing attention span issues. The results of the study indicate that excessive consumption of short-form videos such as Tiktok and Reels can lead to a reduction in attention span, cognitive decline, and academic performance amongst students. Therefore, learning strategies such as setting learning goals and maintaining motivation, managing time through screen time management, using the pomodoro technique, and fostering concentration can be adopted by university students to adress issues with their attention span.

Performance Evaluation of Employees and Leaders Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process

Luthfi Daffa Hadi Pratama, Renny Rochani — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose – This study aims to develop a structured and objective performance evaluation system for employees and leaders in a company using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Design/methodology/approach – This research employs a quantitative approach. Data were collected through pairwise comparison questionnaires using the Saaty (1990) scale, which were developed based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling. The collected data were then analyzed to determine the priority weights of each criterion and to assess the consistency of respondents’ judgments. The study was conducted at Cahaya Prima 83 company in Indonesia. Findings – The results show that AHP effectively determines the priority weights of performance evaluation criteria. For employees, the key criteria include attendance, attitude, discipline, and responsibility. For leaders, the criteria include leadership, decision-making, fairness, and responsibility. The method produces a structured ranking system that enhances objectivity and transparency in performance evaluation. Practical implications – The implementation of AHP provides companies with a systematic and reliable decision-making tool for evaluating employees and leaders, which can improve motivation, productivity, and overall organizational performance. Originality/value – This study contributes to the performance management literature by integrating employee and leader evaluation simultaneously using AHP within a company context, which remains relatively underexplored..

Determining Performance Evaluation Criteria For Employees and Leaders Using NVivo

Luthfi Daffa Hadi Pratama, Renny Rochani — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose – This study aims to identify and determine performance evaluation criteria for employees and leaders in a company using NVivo. Design/methodology/approach – This research adopts a qualitative approach with supportive descriptive analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with selected employees and leaders using purposive sampling. The interview data were analyzed using NVivo through coding techniques to identify key criteria and develop underlying dimensions (sub-criteria). Additionally, word frequency analysis was conducted to identify dominant terms frequently expressed by respondents, and the results were visualized using project maps to illustrate relationships between concepts. Findings – The results show that NVivo effectively identifies and structures performance evaluation criteria and their sub-criteria. For employees, the main criteria include attendance, attitude, discipline, and responsibility, each supported by several sub-criteria derived from interview data. For leaders, the criteria include leadership, decision-making, fairness, and responsibility, along with their respective sub-dimensions. Word frequency analysis highlights dominant themes discussed during interviews, strengthening the validity of the identified criteria. Practical implications – The use of NVivo provides companies with a systematic and data-driven approach to identifying performance evaluation criteria, enabling more structured and transparent assessment frameworks. Originality/value – This study contributes to performance management literature by focusing on the identification of both employee and leadership performance criteria simultaneously using NVivo, particularly by incorporating sub-criteria development and qualitative data visualization within the company context.

KLASIFIKASI RISIKO KESEHATAN MENTAL GENERASI Z BERDASARKAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAÏVE BAYES

Laila Syafira, Zahwa Aura Mutiara Hsb, Roberto Kaban — Sun, 05 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Kesehatan mental Generasi Z menjadi perhatian penting karena intensitas penggunaan media sosial yang tinggi berpotensi memengaruhi kondisi psikologis, seperti kecemasan, depresi, dan gangguan tidur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengklasifikasikan risiko kesehatan mental Generasi Z berdasarkan pola penggunaan media sosial menggunakan algoritma Naïve Bayes. Dataset Social Media and Mental Health dari Kaggle digunakan sebanyak 481 data responden, kemudian difilter pada rentang usia 18–27 tahun sehingga diperoleh 356 data. Tahap praproses meliputi pelabelan, penanganan missing value, penyeimbangan data, transformasi data, normalisasi, dan seleksi fitur sehingga diperoleh 312 data final dengan 10 atribut terpilih. Data dibagi menjadi 70% data latih dan 30% data uji. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan akurasi sebesar 92,55%, presisi 91,67%, dan recall 93,62%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pola penggunaan media sosial berpotensi digunakan sebagai indikator awal dalam deteksi risiko kesehatan mental Generasi Z.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA SMP

Yukalfin Hulu, Friska L. Situngkir — Sun, 05 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Mathematical conceptual understanding is one of the fundamental competencies that students must possess in mathematics learning because it serves as the basis for understanding, connecting, and applying mathematical concepts to solve problems. However, many students still experience difficulties in understanding mathematical concepts, particularly in the topic of quadratic functions. This study aimed to analyze junior high school students' mathematical conceptual understanding of quadratic functions. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach and was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Gomo, South Nias Regency, involving 30 ninth-grade students as the research subjects. Data were collected through a mini-test consisting of four essay questions designed based on the cognitive levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy, namely application (C3), analysis (C4), evaluation (C5), and creation (C6). The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that students' mathematical conceptual understanding was still relatively low. The highest percentage of correct answers was found in the application (C3) question, reaching 40.0%, while the lowest percentage was found in the creation (C6) question, at 20.0%. The analysis of students' responses indicated that most students experienced difficulties in explaining mathematical concepts using their own words, identifying examples and non-examples of quadratic functions, applying concepts accurately in problem-solving, and relating quadratic function concepts to other mathematical concepts. The dominant errors included misconceptions about exponentiation operations, incorrect determination of the vertex and maximum or minimum values of quadratic functions, and misconceptions regarding the relationship between the discriminant and the minimum value of a quadratic function. Therefore, the teaching of quadratic functions should emphasize activities that promote conceptual understanding through exploration, multiple mathematical representations, discussion, and problem-solving, enabling students not only to master mathematical procedures but also to develop a deep understanding of mathematical concepts.

Praktik Tradisi Mangupa dan Relevansinya dengan Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Islam di Desa Mompang Lombang Kecamatan Dolok

Maruba Rambe, Lanna Rambe — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Mangupa tradition is one of the cultural customs of the Mandailing people that is still preserved today. This tradition is carried out during various important events, such as weddings, thanksgiving ceremonies, the giving of advice, and other traditional ceremonies aimed at offering prayers, motivation, and hopes for safety to an individual. This study aims to examine the practice of the Mangupa tradition in Mompang Lombang Village, Dolok Subdistrict, and to analyze its relevance to the principles of Islamic law. This study employs a qualitative research method with an empirical approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving traditional leaders, religious figures, and local residents. The results indicate that the Mangupa tradition in Mompang Lombang Village is still practiced in accordance with Mandailing customs passed down through generations. The Mangupa procession embodies social, moral, and spiritual values, such as fostering social bonds, mutual cooperation, respect for others, and the offering of advice aimed at promoting goodness. From an Islamic legal perspective, the practice of the Mangupa tradition is fundamentally consistent with the principles of Islamic sharia as long as it does not contain elements of shirk (polytheism), superstition, or practices contrary to Islamic teachings. This tradition can be categorized as ‘urf (custom) that is acceptable under Islamic law because it serves the public interest and does not contradict the textual sources of Islamic law. Therefore, the Mangupa tradition is strongly aligned with the principles of Islamic law, particularly in terms of maintaining social relationships, instilling values of goodness, and strengthening community solidarity.

ANALISIS KUALITATIF KANDUNGAN RHODAMIN B PADA SEDIAAN KOSMETIK LIPSTIK (X) YANG ADA DIPASARAN KOTA MANADO

Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Rhodamin B merupakan zat warna sintetis yang dilarang penggunaannya dalam sediaan kosmetik karena berpotensi menimbulkan efek toksik bagi kesehatan, seperti iritasi kulit, kerusakan organ, hingga bersifat karsinogenik. Meskipun demikian, masih ditemukan dugaan penyalahgunaan Rhodamin B pada produk kosmetik yang beredar di pasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara kualitatif keberadaan Rhodamin B pada sediaan kosmetik lipstik yang beredar di Kota Manado menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Penelitian dilakukan melalui uji pendahuluan menggunakan metanol untuk mengamati fluoresensi sampel, dilanjutkan dengan preparasi sampel, pembuatan larutan baku, serta analisis menggunakan KLT dengan pengamatan di bawah sinar UV 254 nm dan 365 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel lipstik memberikan fluoresensi kuning kehijauan pada uji pendahuluan yang mengindikasikan adanya senyawa fluoresen. Pada uji KLT diperoleh nilai Rf sampel sebesar 0,52, sama dengan nilai Rf baku Rhodamin B sebesar 0,52, sedangkan larutan pembanding memiliki nilai Rf sebesar 0,54. Selain itu, warna bercak yang dihasilkan pada pengamatan visual maupun di bawah sinar UV menunjukkan karakteristik yang serupa dengan baku Rhodamin B. Kesamaan nilai Rf dan karakteristik bercak tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sampel lipstik yang dianalisis terindikasi positif mengandung Rhodamin B. Dengan demikian, metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis terbukti efektif sebagai metode analisis kualitatif untuk mendeteksi keberadaan Rhodamin B pada sediaan kosmetik dan dapat digunakan sebagai langkah awal dalam pengawasan keamanan produk kosmetik yang beredar di masyarakat.

ANALISIS KUALITATIF KANDUNGAN HIDROKUINON PADA SEDIAAN KOSMETIK

Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Hidrokuinon merupakan senyawa yang pernah digunakan sebagai agen pencerah kulit, namun penggunaannya dalam kosmetik dibatasi karena berpotensi menimbulkan berbagai efek samping, seperti iritasi, dermatitis, hingga eksogen okronosis apabila digunakan secara tidak tepat. Oleh karena itu, pengawasan terhadap keberadaan hidrokuinon dalam sediaan kosmetik perlu dilakukan melalui pengujian laboratorium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara kualitatif keberadaan hidrokuinon pada sediaan kosmetik menggunakan beberapa pereaksi kimia. Sampel yang digunakan berupa krim pemutih (Diamond Cream) yang dianalisis melalui uji kualitatif menggunakan pereaksi besi(III) klorida (FeCl₃), perak nitrat (AgNO₃), dan Benedict. Masing-masing pengujian dilakukan berdasarkan prinsip reaksi spesifik yang menghasilkan perubahan warna atau pembentukan endapan apabila hidrokuinon atau senyawa target terdeteksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada uji menggunakan FeCl₃ tidak terjadi perubahan warna hijau, pada uji AgNO₃ tidak terbentuk endapan maupun cincin perak, dan pada uji Benedict tidak terbentuk endapan merah bata. Seluruh hasil pengujian menunjukkan respons negatif terhadap pereaksi yang digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, sampel Diamond Cream tidak menunjukkan adanya senyawa yang bereaksi dengan pereaksi FeCl₃, AgNO₃, maupun Benedict dalam batas deteksi metode uji kualitatif yang diterapkan. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan parameter pengujian yang dilakukan, sampel tidak menunjukkan indikasi adanya kandungan hidrokuinon. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode uji kualitatif sederhana dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai skrining awal dalam pengawasan mutu dan keamanan produk kosmetik sebelum dilakukan analisis yang lebih spesifik menggunakan metode instrumental.

Penerapan Metode Six Sigma Dan Failure Mode And Effects Analysis (FMEA) Dalam Upaya Pengendalian Kualitas Produk STAY BKA Pada PT XYZ

Abrar Zaki Abirama Fawwaz, Ari Zaqi Al-Faritsy — Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Product quality plays an essential role in maintaining the competitiveness of manufacturing companies. PT XYZ continues to experience quality issues in the STAY BKA product, with defective products accounting for 32% of total production during the Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) process. This study aims to analyze the defect level, identify the root causes of product defects, and propose improvement strategies using the Six Sigma and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methods through the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) approach. A quantitative descriptive method was employed using production and defect data collected through direct observation and company documentation during February 2026. The results revealed five dominant defect types, namely Over Buffing (36.6%), Dent (22.4%), Bintik (20.1%), Bolong (10.5%), and Paintless (10.4%). The average Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) was 59,941.91, corresponding to a process capability level of 3.0580 sigma. Fishbone analysis and FMEA indicated that the primary causes of defects were related to human, method, machine, and material factors. Improvement recommendations include installing protective partitions in WIP containers, revising standard operating procedures and buffing RPM standards, establishing standard pre-treatment duration, monitoring curing oven temperature, and scheduling regular spray gun maintenance. These improvement actions were integrated into a Control Plan supported by daily check sheets to ensure continuous quality control.

IDENTIFIKASI BAHAN KIMIA OBAT (BKO) DALAM SEDIAAN JAMU MENGGUNAKAN KLT

Rifani Hutami Supardi, Putri Nabila Assegaf, Alisya Halizah, Rosalina Husaleka — Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Peredaran jamu yang mengandung Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO) masih menjadi permasalahan dalam pengawasan obat tradisional di Indonesia karena dapat membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat. Salah satu BKO yang sering ditemukan pada sediaan jamu pegal linu adalah parasetamol yang sengaja ditambahkan untuk memberikan efek analgesik secara cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan BKO pada sediaan jamu menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Sampel jamu dianalisis dengan menggunakan silika gel 60 F254 sebagai fase diam dan campuran etil asetat, kloroform, serta n-heksana sebagai fase gerak. Larutan baku pembanding dan sampel ditotolkan pada plat KLT, kemudian dielusi dan diamati di bawah sinar UV 254 nm untuk menentukan nilai faktor retensi (Rf). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sampel jamu menghasilkan tiga bercak dengan nilai Rf berturut-turut sebesar 0,57; 0,65; dan 0,85. Nilai Rf bercak pertama mendekati nilai Rf baku pembanding parasetamol sehingga mengindikasikan adanya dugaan kandungan BKO berupa parasetamol pada sampel jamu, sedangkan dua bercak lainnya diduga berasal dari senyawa lain yang terdapat dalam sediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis mampu digunakan sebagai metode skrining kualitatif yang sederhana, cepat, dan ekonomis untuk mendeteksi keberadaan BKO pada produk jamu. Pengawasan secara berkelanjutan terhadap obat tradisional perlu terus ditingkatkan guna menjamin keamanan, mutu, dan perlindungan konsumen dari peredaran produk yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan

Analisis Peran Komunikasi Interpersonal Orang Tua dalam Mengontrol Paparan Konten Brainrot Anomali pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar

Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid development of digital media has made it easier for children to access various types of content on social media, including brainrot anomaly content, which is often absurd, repetitive, and lacks educational value. This study aims to analyze the role of parental interpersonal communication in controlling children's exposure to brainrot anomaly content. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The participants consisted of three parents, one school counselor, and one elementary school-aged child. The findings indicate that interpersonal communication plays a significant role in controlling children's exposure through parental supervision, screen time limitation, discussions about digital content, and guidance in selecting age-appropriate media. Furthermore, collaboration between parents and schools is essential to improve children's digital literacy and encourage responsible digital media use.

PENGGUNAAN TEORI SIGNALING DALAM PENELITIAN AKUNTANSI DAN KEUANGAN: STUDI LITERATURE REVIEW

Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Signaling Theory is a widely used theoretical foundation in accounting and finance research to explain the mechanisms by which companies convey information to stakeholders under conditions of information asymmetry. This study aims to analyze the development of Signaling Theory's use in accounting and finance research and identify dominant research themes and future research opportunities. The study employed a literature review method, analyzing various sources discussing Signaling Theory. The analysis process involved identifying, classifying, evaluating, and synthesizing literature addressing the application of Signaling Theory in accounting and finance. The study's results indicate that Signaling Theory is widely used in research on corporate information disclosure, financial statements, dividend policy, capital structure, earnings quality, and firm value. Furthermore, developments in the business environment have expanded the theory's use to address contemporary issues such as Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), corporate social responsibility (CSR), and sustainability reporting. The research findings demonstrate that Signaling Theory remains relevant in explaining various forms of corporate communication, both financial and non-financial. This study contributes by mapping the development of Signaling Theory's use and recommending possible future research directions.

Perancangan Website Pendataan Stok Barang pada Ud Chandra Menggunakan Metode Rapid Application Development (RAD)

Sugiarto Aryatama, Furqan Khalidy, M.Khaibar Putra Adithia — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Inventory management at UD Chandra is currently still carried out conventionally, through manual record-keeping and the use of simple, non-integrated spreadsheets. This causes various operational problems, such as a high risk of human error, inaccurate stock data, slow report generation processes, and difficulty for the owner in monitoring product availability in real time. On the other hand, customers also face obstacles in obtaining product availability information because they have to contact the store directly. This research aims to design and build a website-based inventory data recording information system to optimize inventory management and improve information transparency for customers. The system development method used is Rapid Application Development (RAD), chosen because it emphasizes development speed, flexibility, and intensive user involvement through the stages of requirement planning, design workshop, and implementation. The result of this research is a website-based platform that provides features for item data management, recording of incoming and outgoing transactions, automatic stock reports, low-stock notifications, and a product catalog for customers. The implementation of this system is expected to improve operational efficiency, data accuracy, and the quality of strategic decision-making for business owners, as well as provide easier access to information for UD Chandra's customers.

Pengukuran Tingkat Kepuasan Pelanggan Berdasarkan Kualitas Layanan dengan Menggunakan Metode Servqual dan IPA di PT XYZ

Eva Pinata, Andung Jati Nugroho — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes customer satisfaction and service quality at XYZ Yogyakarta, a local perfume brand facing challenges in maintaining consistent service during peak hours. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the study employs the SERVQUAL method to assess customer satisfaction based on service quality dimensions and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to identify critical areas for improvement. Data was collected from 31 customers via a questionnaire measuring expectations and perceptions using a Likert scale. The SERVQUAL analysis revealed an average perception score of 4.25 against an average expectation score of 3.14, indicating that service quality generally exceeded customer expectations, with all attributes showing a positive gap. The largest gap was observed in “availability of sought-after products” (1.65), while the smallest was “service speed during peak store hours” (0.68). The IPA mapping highlighted “employee speed in assisting with perfume selection” and “service speed during peak store hours” as top improvement priorities (Quadrant I). Essentially, XYZ Yogyakarta largely satisfies its customers, but improving employee assistance with perfume selection and enhancing service efficiency during peak periods are crucial for enhancing customer experience and loyalty.

ANALISIS YURIDIS KEDUDUKAN KARANG TARUNA DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA SOSIAL DAN KEGIATAN KEPEMUDAAN DITINJAU DARI PRINSIP AKUNTABILITAS DAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM

Topan Mulyawan, Wening Ken Widodasih — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstrak. Karang Taruna merupakan organisasi sosial kemasyarakatan yang berperan dalam penyelenggaraan kegiatan sosial dan pengembangan generasi muda di tingkat desa maupun kelurahan. Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, Karang Taruna memiliki kewenangan untuk mengelola dana sosial yang berasal dari berbagai sumber yang sah. Pengelolaan dana tersebut memerlukan dasar hukum yang jelas agar pelaksanaannya sesuai dengan prinsip akuntabilitas dan kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan hukum Karang Taruna dalam pengelolaan dana sosial dan kegiatan kepemudaan serta mengkaji penerapan prinsip akuntabilitas dan kepastian hukum dalam pelaksanaannya.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri atas bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Karang Taruna memiliki kedudukan hukum yang diakui berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesejahteraan Sosial, Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2009 tentang Kepemudaan, Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2013 tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatan, serta Peraturan Menteri Sosial Nomor 9 Tahun 2025 tentang Karang Taruna. Namun, masih terdapat kekaburan dan kekosongan norma terkait kewenangan, pengawasan, dan pertanggungjawaban hukum dalam pengelolaan dana sosial sehingga diperlukan penguatan regulasi guna menjamin transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan kepastian hukum secara berkelanjutan.

Identifikasi dan Pengendalian Risiko Keselamatan Kerja pada Pengoperasian Mesin Rotogravure Menggunakan Metode HIRARC dan FTA

Fadilah Juliani, Ferida Yuamita — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The operation of rotogravure machines involves various hazards that may increase the risk of occupational accidents if not properly controlled. This study aims to identify potential hazards, assess occupational risk levels, and propose risk control measures for rotogravure machine operations at PT IGP Internasional Sleman using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) methods. A descriptive research approach was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that hazards were identified during roller setting, printing, dryer operation, and machine cleaning activities. Based on the HIRARC assessment, roller setting was classified as High Risk, while printing and dryer operations were categorized as Moderate Risk, and machine cleaning as Low Risk. FTA revealed that occupational accidents were primarily influenced by human factors, machine conditions, work methods, and inadequate implementation of safety practices. The recommended control measures include improving compliance with standard operating procedures, consistent use of personal protective equipment, regular occupational safety training, workplace supervision, and routine machine maintenance.

Analisis Pengaruh Jadwal Pemeliharaan, Kompetensi Personel, dan Ketersediaan Fasilitas terhadap Kelaikan Alat Pemadam Api Ringan (APAR) pada Unit ARFF di Bandar Udara

Noviardy Eko Rizky Atmaja, Zahira Syazwana Hufaiya, Nawang Kalbuana — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Alat Pemadam Api Ringan (APAR) merupakan elemen kritis dalam sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif pada unit Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) di bandar udara. Kelaikan APAR secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor determinan, yaitu jadwal pemeliharaan yang teratur, kompetensi personel yang melaksanakan inspeksi, dan ketersediaan fasilitas pendukung. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh ketiga faktor tersebut terhadap kelaikan APAR pada unit ARFF berdasarkan pendekatan Analytical Inductive Literature Review (AILR). Data bersumber dari enam artikel ilmiah utama yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2022 hingga 2025, mencakup kajian di Bandar Udara Husein Sastranegara, Yogyakarta International Airport, Bandar Udara Komodo Labuan Bajo, dan PT Semen Baturaja, serta diperkaya dengan integrasi studi-studi terkait dari bidang manajemen bandar udara, pengawasan keamanan penerbangan, dan pemeliharaan kendaraan PKP-PK. Hasil analisis menunjukkan: (1) jadwal pemeliharaan yang konsisten sesuai Permenaker No. 4 Tahun 1980 merupakan prediktor terkuat kelaikan APAR; (2) kompetensi personel yang terlatih, bersertifikat, dan terus dikembangkan melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan berkelanjutan meningkatkan akurasi inspeksi serta kecepatan respons; dan (3) ketersediaan fasilitas yang lengkap dan memadai merupakan enabling factor yang menjadi prasyarat terpenuhinya standar kelaikan. Ketiga faktor ini bersifat komplementer dan harus dikelola secara holistik dalam kerangka Safety Management System (SMS) untuk menjamin keselamatan penerbangan yang berkelanjutan.

Analisis Optimasi Produksi dalam Memaksimalkan Laba Menggunakan Metode Simpleks pada Bananagih

Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Bananagih merupakan usaha kuliner di Pameungpeuk Bandung yang memproduksi pisang keju dan pisang coklat. Dalam menjalankan usahanya, Bananagih menghadapi keterbatasan waktu pada proses penggorengan, pemberian topping, dan pengemasan sehingga perencanaan produksi belum optimal dan laba usaha belum maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kombinasi produksi yang menghasilkan laba maksimum. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode simpleks melalui studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi produksi optimal adalah 0 porsi pisang keju dan 40 porsi pisang coklat dengan laba maksimum sebesar Rp240.000 per periode produksi. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode simpleks mampu menentukan keputusan produksi yang lebih efisien sesuai dengan keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki sehingga keuntungan usaha dapat dimaksimalkan.

Kata kunci: Optimasi Produksi; Metode Simpleks; Perencanaan Produksi; Laba Maksimum; Bananagih

ANALISIS DEFECT PACKAGING PUPUK DENGAN METODE STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL DAN FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS PADA INDUSTRI PUPUK DI CV. XYZ

Muhana Naufal Susilo, Suseno Suseno — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

. CV. XYZ is a company that produces 50 kg NPK fertilizer packaging and still experiences packaging defects, particularly sewing defects and weighing defects. This study aims to analyze quality control, identify the causes of defects, and determine improvement priorities using Statistical Quality Control (SQC), Fishbone Diagram, and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). The data used were collected from February23 to April 14, 2026, with a total production of 2,739 bags and 580 defective bags,consisting of 459 sewing defects and 121 weighing defects. The results of the p-controlchart indicate that the process is not yet statistically controlled, as shown by severalpoints falling outside the control limits for sewing defects (CL = 0.168, UCL = 0.189,LCL = 0.146) and weighing defects (CL = 0.044, UCL = 0.056, LCL = 0.032). Fishboneanalysis revealed that the causes of defects originated from human, machine, method,material, and environmental factors. The FMEA results showed that the highest RiskPriority Number (RPN) values for sewing defects were machine malfunction (280) andloose thread (210), while for weighing defects they were improper gate valve settings(240) and fertilizer accumulation in the hopper (192). The proposed improvementsinclude implementing preventive maintenance, inspecting the gate valve, checkingthread conditions, and controlling fertilizer flow and hopper capacity to reduce defectrates and improve product quality.

IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA DAN PENGENDALIAN RISIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA KAYU LAPIS PT INDAH KAYU SEJAHTERA

Yosi Aulia, Ayudyah Eka Apsari — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

PT Indah Kayu Sejahtera is facing significant occupational safety issues in the
plywood production sector due to the complex production process that involves the use
of large machinery, hot steam, and sharp tools. Data from the past year, specifically from
January 2025 to January 2026, show that there were21 work accident, consisting of 13
minor accident, 7 moderate accident, and 1 severe accident. This study aim to identify
potential hazard, assess risk levels, recommed risk controls, and formulate an
Occupational Health an Safety (OHS) Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to minimize
the potential for workplace accident in the plywood production process. The methods
uses are the HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control) method
to manage risks systematically, and the FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) to map the root causes
of workplace accident. The result of hazard identification and risk assessment indicate 8
high risks at 8 workstations, 17 medium risks at 10 workstation, and 23 low risks at 13
workstation. FTA analysis of 8 main type of incident (top event) shows that the root causes
of accident are dominate by worker negligence and fatigue, lack og training, and non
compliance with procedures, damage to machine guards to automatic sensors, as well as
low discipline in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Based on this research,
control measure are formulated comprehensively through engineering control,
administrative controls, the use of PPE, and yhe preparation of a stricter new OHS SOP
recommendation to reduce workplace accident rates.

Analisis Risiko Kecelakaan Kerja Menggunakan Metode HIRARC dan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) pada Proses Progressive dan Welding di PT X

Dominicus Rivaldi, Ferida Yuamita — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Occupational Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) plays an important role in preventing workplace accidents and maintaining productivity in manufacturing industries. PT X is a metal manufacturing company with high-risk activities in the Progressive and Welding processes. In 2025, the company recorded six workplace accidents, indicating the need for systematic risk evaluation. This study aims to identify workplace hazards, assess risk levels, analyze the root causes of accidents, and propose appropriate control measures. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) method integrated with Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Data were collected through observations, interviews, and company documentation. The HIRARC results identified workplace hazards with different risk levels, while FTA revealed that accidents were primarily caused by human, machine, method, material, and environmental factors. Based on these findings, risk control recommendations were developed according to the hierarchy of controls, including engineering controls, administrative controls, the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and improved safety training. These recommendations are expected to reduce workplace accident risks and enhance the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in the company.

Pengaruh Teaching Factory (TEFA) Terhadap Minat Wirausaha Siswa Tata Busana SMK Negeri 1 Brondong

Rahma Faradiba Nur Eliza, Imami Arum Tri Rahayu — Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to 1) Analyze the implementation of Teaching Factory on Fashion Production Design students at SMK Negeri 1 Brondong, 2) Analyze the entrepreneurial interest of Fashion Production Design students at SMK Negeri 1 Brondong, 3) Analyze the influence of Teaching Factory on the entrepreneurial interest of Fashion Production Design students at SMK Negeri 1 Brondong. This study is an Ex-Post Facto research type with secondary data using quantitative descriptive methods. The sample in this study was all grade XII Fashion Production Design students at SMK Negeri 1 Brondong obtained using nonprobability sampling techniques with a total sampling method of 11 students. Data collection techniques were carried out through questionnaires and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of Teaching Factory is in the high category and the interest in entrepreneurship is very high. The results of the Spearman Rank Correlation test obtained a significance value of 0.006 <0.05, so Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. The correlation coefficient value of 0.761 indicates a strong and positive relationship between Teaching Factory and students' entrepreneurial interest. In addition, the coefficient of determination (R Square) value of 0.516 shows that the influence of Teaching Factory on students' entrepreneurial interest is 51.6%, while 48.4% is influenced by other factors outside of research.

Tinjauan Terhadap Penyesuaian Pasal 34 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Nasional tentang Pembelaan Terpaksa (NOODWEER) Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 101/Pid.B/2024/PN/Snj)

Vivi Neiska Hendriana, Trias Saputra — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan pembelaan terpaksa (noodweer) dalam Pasal 34 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Nasional serta mengkaji penerapannya dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia melalui Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 101/Pid.B/2024/PN.Snj. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Bahan hukum diperoleh dari peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, doktrin, buku, serta jurnal ilmiah yang dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui penafsiran hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pasal 34 KUHP Nasional memperkuat perlindungan hukum terhadap individu yang melakukan pembelaan diri dari serangan melawan hukum yang bersifat seketika dengan menekankan prinsip keterpaksaan, proporsionalitas, dan legalitas. Penerapan ketentuan tersebut dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 101/Pid.B/2024/PN.Snj juga mencerminkan perlindungan terhadap hak untuk hidup, hak atas rasa aman, dan keadilan substantif. Meskipun demikian, perbedaan penafsiran oleh aparat penegak hukum masih menjadi kendala dalam mewujudkan penerapan pembelaan terpaksa secara konsisten.

ANALISIS KETERTARIKAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK LUAR NEGERI PADA MASYARAKAT PERBATASAN INDONESIA-MALAYSIA DI DESA ENTIKONG KECAMATAN ENTIKONG

Agnes Dwini, Okianna Okianna, Jumardi Budiman — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research was conducted in Entikong Village, Entikong District, Sanggau Regency, with the aim of analyzing the purchasing interest in foreign products among communities living in the Indonesia–Malaysia border area and identifying the influence of distance factors on their purchasing interest. Border areas have unique characteristics due to relatively easy access to goods from neighboring countries, which can influence local consumption patterns. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. The informants consisted of 10 border community members who frequently purchased foreign products. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that the border community in Entikong Village has a relatively high interest in purchasing foreign products. This interest is influenced by several factors, including the relatively lower prices of foreign products, the short and easily accessible travel distance, and the level of satisfaction with the products purchased. In addition, respondents perceived that some foreign products offer larger quantities and better value compared to similar domestic products. Therefore, price, distance, and consumer satisfaction are the main factors influencing the purchasing interest of border communities in foreign products.

CAFELA PIE: Inovasi Pai Fungsional Berbasis Selai Sawit Merah dan Tepung Kulit Kopi (Cascara) melalui Pemanfaatan Limbah Pertanian untuk Diversifikasi Pangan Berkelanjutan

Fasya Aurellia Nur, Syakila Syahira — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Indonesia merupakan salah satu produsen kelapa sawit dan kopi terbesar di dunia, namun pemanfaatan minyak sawit merah dan kulit kopi (cascara) sebagai bahan pangan fungsional masih terbatas. Meningkatnya kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap pangan sehat serta upaya pemanfaatan limbah pertanian mendorong pengembangan inovasi pai berbasis sumber daya lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi CAFELA PIE, yaitu pai fungsional berbahan dasar selai sawit merah dan tepung kulit kopi, sebagai produk pangan bernilai tambah dan bergizi tinggi. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka melalui analisis berbagai literatur ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa selai sawit merah kaya akan β-karoten dan vitamin E, sedangkan tepung kulit kopi mengandung serat pangan dan senyawa fenolik yang berperan sebagai antioksidan. Kombinasi kedua bahan tersebut berpotensi menghasilkan pangan fungsional yang mendukung diversifikasi pangan, pemanfaatan limbah pertanian, dan peningkatan nilai tambah komoditas lokal. Penelitian lanjutan secara eksperimental diperlukan untuk menguji mutu, daya simpan, karakteristik fisikokimia, dan tingkat penerimaan konsumen terhadap produk

ANALISIS DAN PERBAIKAN PROSES PRODUKSI SUSU KAMBING BUBUK MENGGUNAKAN VALUE STREAM MAPPING UNTUK MINIMALISASI WASTE DI CV PERANAKAN ETAWA ABADI

Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan meningkatkan proses produksi susu kambing bubuk di CV Peranakan Etawa Abadi, yang masih menggunakan peralatan konvensional dan beroperasi secara tidak efisien. Masalah utama yang diidentifikasi meliputi pemborosan waktu yang berlebihan, hambatan pada tahap pemanasan dan penggilingan, serta efisiensi operator yang rendah. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode Value Stream Mapping (VSM) untuk mengklasifikasikan aktivitas menjadi Value Added (VA), Necessary Non-Value Added (NNVA), dan Non-Value Added (NVA), diikuti dengan perangkat lunak simulasi Promodel untuk mengevaluasi kinerja sistem dan menguji perbaikan yang diusulkan. Simulasi awal menunjukkan Total Exits sebanyak 41 unit, Waktu Rata-rata dalam Sistem sebesar 342,87 menit, dan efisiensi proses sebesar 31%. Setelah menerapkan perbaikan dengan mesin Spray Dryer dan prosedur operasi standar, Total Exits meningkat menjadi 405 unit, Waktu Rata-rata dalam Sistem menurun menjadi 196,57 menit, dan efisiensi meningkat menjadi 57%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gabungan VSM dan simulasi Promodel secara efektif meningkatkan produktivitas dan efisiensi proses dalam pembuatan susu bubuk.

PENGEMBANGAN SOAL TES HOTS BERBASIS KAHOOT PADA MATERI PERALATAN DAPUR UNTUK SISWA SMK KULINER FASE E

Wanda Putri Dwi Wardani, Sri Handajani — Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research is motivated by the low level of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among Culinary Vocational High School students. The daily learning evaluation process is still dominated by Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) questions and the limited use of interactive digital media in assessments. This study aims to determine the development results and feasibility of a HOTS test instrument based on the Kahoot game-based learning platform for kitchen equipment for Phase E Culinary Vocational High School students. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D), referring to the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). However, due to time and scope constraints, this study was limited to the Development stage. The research location was SMKN 2 Jombang, with a limited trial population of 66 11th-grade Culinary students. The results of the study showed that: (1) The results of the material validation obtained an average percentage of 88% (very valid), the construction aspect was 88% (very valid), and the language aspect was 89% (very valid). The validation of the Kahoot media was in the very feasible category with the achievement of the display aspect of 91%, ease of use of 91%, and timeliness of 88%. (2) The results of the empirical trial analysis of 30 multiple choice questions developed resulted in 23 questions being declared valid and 7 questions being invalid. The reliability test of the valid questions obtained a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.80 which is included in the very high category. In terms of discrimination power, there were 2 questions in the good category and 21 questions in the very good category. The analysis of the level of difficulty resulted in 4 questions in the difficult category, 10 questions in the medium category and 9 questions in the easy category. The distractor function analysis showed 8 questions in the sufficient category, 8 questions in the good category, and 7 questions in the very good category. Based on these results, the developed Kahoot-based HOTS test questions were deemed highly suitable and reliable for use as an evaluation instrument for culinary learning.

Kemampuan Menulis Artikel Ilmiah Populer Siswa Kelas VIII A SMP Angkasa Kupang Tahun Pelajaran 2025/2026

Alex Missael Adu, Richard Oematan, Sanhedri Boimau — Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The problem in this study is how the ability to write popular scientific articles in eighth-grade students of SMP Angkasa Kupang. The purpose of this study is to describe the ability of eighth-grade students of SMP Angkasa Kupang in writing popular scientific articles. The method used in this study is qualitative description to facilitate the researcher in conducting in-depth and systematic data analysis to provide an accurate picture of the facts in the field. The results of the study show that the ability to write popular scientific articles in the introduction aspect is in the fairly good category with an average score of 73.5. Most students have been able to write a good introduction, although there are still deficiencies in developing the background and purpose of writing systematically. The writing ability in the content aspect is also in the fairly good category with an average score of 73.5. Students have generally been able to express ideas and opinions, but there are still weaknesses in idea development, depth of analysis, and coherence between paragraphs. The writing ability in the conclusion aspect shows relatively similar results with an average score of 73.5. Most students have been able to formulate conclusions and suggestions, but some have not been able to formulate a proper and comprehensive conclusion. Overall, the ability to write popular scientific articles of eighth-grade students of SMP Angkasa Kupang is in the fairly good category with a class average score of 73. The classical learning mastery level reached 76.47%, with 13 students declared proficient and 4 students not yet proficient, with a classical failure rate of 23.53%. The results of the study indicate that students have basic abilities in writing popular scientific articles, but improvement is still needed, especially in the aspects of logical, systematic, and communicative thinking in composing written works.

PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI E-ORDER FOOD & BEVERAGE BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN PROTOKOL WEBSOCKET

Zein Naufal Lindan, Dayan Singasatia, Yusuf Muhyidin — Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Proses pemesanan makanan di PT XYZ masih dilakukan secara manual melalui aplikasi percakapan dan melibatkan beberapa perantara, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan keterlambatan penyampaian pesanan, kesalahan komunikasi, serta ketidakakuratan dalam pencatatan transaksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem informasi E-Order berbasis web yang mampu memberikan pembaruan status pesanan secara real-time menggunakan teknologi WebSocket guna meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan kualitas pelayanan. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah Extreme Programming (XP), yang meliputi tahapan perencanaan, perancangan, pengkodean, pengujian, dan rilis. Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan Vue.js sebagai frontend, Express.js sebagai backend, serta pemodelan sistem dilakukan menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem berhasil diimplementasikan dengan fitur pemesanan makanan dan minuman, pengelolaan menu, pengelolaan pesanan, pencatatan transaksi, pembuatan laporan, serta pembaruan status pesanan secara real-time. Pengujian menggunakan metode Blackbox Testing menunjukkan bahwa seluruh fungsi sistem berjalan sesuai dengan kebutuhan yang telah ditentukan. Implementasi sistem ini mampu meningkatkan efisiensi proses pelayanan, mengurangi risiko kesalahan komunikasi, meningkatkan akurasi pencatatan transaksi, serta mendukung proses pemesanan yang lebih terintegrasi dalam lingkungan operasional PT XYZ.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH MELALUI BANK SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN BANJARMASIN UTARA

Sesilia Leluni Malera, Ghinia Anastasia Muhtar — Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The waste problem in Banjarmasin City, particularly in North Banjarmasin District, has become increasingly complex along with the rising volume of waste generation reaching 40,193.3 tons per year. This study aims to measure the level of community participation in waste management through waste banks in North Banjarmasin District and to identify the influencing factors. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach with a sample of 100 respondents determined using the Slovin formula with a 10% error margin and proportional random sampling technique across 10 sub-districts. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale, observation, and documentation. The research instrument was tested using Pearson Product Moment validity test and Cronbach's Alpha reliability test. Data analysis was performed using quantitative descriptive methods through mean calculation and class intervals. The results showed that the overall level of community participation in waste management through waste banks in North Banjarmasin District was in the low category with an average score of 2.49. Labor participation (2.77) and material participation (2.82) fell into the medium category, while intellectual participation (2.30), skill participation (2.16), and social participation (2.38) remained in the low category. The low level of community participation was caused by insufficient socialization, training, communication between waste bank managers and the community, as well as limited forums for aspirations. This study concludes that community participation in North Banjarmasin District is practical in nature and has not yet developed optimally in intellectual, skill, and social aspects. Enhanced socialization, waste management training, community empowerment, and strengthened communication between waste bank managers, government, and the community are needed to optimize participation.

BENTUK PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN BANJARMASIN BARAT

Murnika Murnika, Ghinia Anastasia Muhtar — Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to determine the form of community participation in waste management in West Banjarmasin District. This research method uses quantitative descriptive with a sampling technique using purposive sampling with a total of 100 respondents from the total population of the people of West Banjarmasin District. Data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest form of participation is known to be in the form of physical or energy (64.3%) in the high category. Following below it, participation in the social form (52.5%) and property participation (50.96%) which are included in the medium group. Participation in the form of thoughts (33.6%) and participation in the form of skills (26.13%) are included in the low category.

MENILAI PENGURUS GEREJA (MAJELIS) SESUAI KINERJA DALAM PELAYANAN MASING-MASING DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ASSIGNMENT PADA QM FOR WINDOWS

Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The management and performance evaluation of church administrators (church elders) are essential aspects of improving the effectiveness of ministry within the church. Performance assessments that are still conducted subjectively often result in inaccuracies when evaluating the suitability of responsibilities with each administrator's capabilities. This study aims to evaluate and determine the appropriate placement of church administrators based on their ministry performance using the Assignment method implemented through the QM for Windows application. The Assignment method is employed to optimize the allocation of church administrators to the most suitable ministry areas based on predetermined performance scores. This research adopts a quantitative approach by collecting performance data for each administrator according to several evaluation criteria, which are then processed using the Assignment feature in QM for Windows to obtain an optimal solution. The results indicate that the Assignment method is capable of providing objective and efficient recommendations for assigning church administrators, ensuring that each ministry area is staffed by individuals whose performance best matches the required responsibilities. Therefore, the implementation of this method can assist church leaders in making more accurate, transparent, and measurable decisions while enhancing the overall effectiveness of church ministry.

PEMBUATAN DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN STERIL INJEKSI AMPUL EPINEFRIN

Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Sediaan steril injeksi merupakan bentuk sediaan farmasi yang harus memenuhi persyaratan mutu yang ketat karena diberikan langsung ke dalam tubuh sehingga keamanan, sterilitas, dan kualitas produk harus terjamin. Epinefrin HCl merupakan obat yang banyak digunakan pada kondisi kegawatdaruratan sehingga perlu diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan injeksi steril yang memenuhi standar farmakope. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan steril injeksi ampul Epinefrin HCl serta mengevaluasi mutu fisik sediaan yang dihasilkan. Sediaan diformulasikan menggunakan Epinefrin HCl sebagai zat aktif, natrium klorida sebagai pengisotonis, natrium metabisulfit sebagai antioksidan, dan Aqua Pro Injection sebagai pelarut. Proses pembuatan dilakukan secara aseptis, meliputi sterilisasi alat, pencampuran bahan, pengaturan pH, penyaringan, pengisian ke dalam ampul, dan penyegelan. Evaluasi mutu dilakukan melalui uji organoleptis, uji kejernihan, uji kebocoran, dan uji keseragaman volume. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sediaan yang dihasilkan berupa larutan jernih, tidak berwarna, dan tidak berbau. Pada uji kejernihan tidak ditemukan partikel asing maupun endapan, sedangkan uji kebocoran menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan warna setelah pengujian dengan metilen biru yang menandakan ampul tertutup rapat. Selain itu, seluruh ampul memiliki volume yang seragam sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi tersebut, sediaan steril injeksi ampul Epinefrin HCl memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik sesuai Farmakope Indonesia sehingga formulasi yang dibuat dinilai layak sebagai sediaan parenteral steril

Analisis Efisiensi Mesin Produksi Forming Machine Pada Cv. Agrindo Supra Food Menggunakan Metode OEE

Dedi Setiawan, Ari Zaqi Al-Faritsy — Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

CV. Agrindo Supra Food is an agro-industrial company located in Bantul, Yogyakarta, specializing in nata de coco production. The main issue identified is the suboptimal performance of the Forming Machine, with breakdowns occurring up to five times per week, each requiring an average repair time of 30–45 minutes. Setup processes often take twice as long as the ideal 10 minutes, and defective products during startup account for 8–12% of daily output. These problems stem from the absence of a routine maintenance schedule, inefficient equipment layout, and insufficient operator understanding of process parameters. To evaluate machine performance, the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method was applied, covering three key indicators: Availability, Performance, and Quality. Loss analysis was conducted using the Six Big Losses approach. The results showed an Availability of 65.5%, Performance of 88.2%, and Quality of 77.6%, with a total OEE score of only 44.7%, far below the world-class standard of 85%. Improvement strategies include scheduled maintenance, operator training, and standardized work procedures.

Perancangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Laptop Terbaik Berbasis WEB Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting

Muhammad Iqbal Yasin, Furqan Khalidy, Saiful Amir — Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Selecting the right laptop is a challenge for consumers due to the wide variety of brands, specifications, and prices available on the market, including for customers of B-Computer, a technology device store located in Binjai City. This difficulty arises because choosing a laptop requires considering multiple criteria simultaneously, such as price, processor, RAM, storage, VGA, weight, and battery life, while consumers' limited technical knowledge often makes the decision-making process complicated and time-consuming. This study aims to design and implement a web-based Decision Support System (DSS) to help consumers determine the best laptop according to their needs and budget in an objective and measurable way. The method used in this study is Research and Development (R&D), applying the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, a weighted sum method that normalizes the decision matrix based on benefit and cost criteria to produce a ranking of laptop alternatives. The system was built using the JavaScript programming language and a MySQL database. Black Box Testing results show that all system features, including admin login, laptop data management, criteria preference input, and the calculation and display of recommendation results, function properly, achieving a 100% success rate across all tested scenarios. The application of the SAW method in this system is proven capable of producing objective, accurate, and scientifically accountable laptop recommendations, thereby simplifying and speeding up the consumer decision-making process without the need to manually compare laptop specifications.

PENCIPTAAN BUSANA PESTA MUSLIM DENGAN INSPIRASI TARI JARANAN TURONGGO YAKSO DI TRENGGALEK

Risma Juliarus Vidia Sari, Deny Arifiana — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of modest wear trends in Indonesia is currently still dominated by modern global motifs that tend to be uniform, necessitating design innovations capable of exclusively representing the values of local cultural arts. This creative research aims to describe the design process, product realization, and presentation techniques of a Muslim family festive wear collection inspired by the visual assertiveness characteristics of the Jaranan Turonggo Yakso Dance from Trenggalek Regency. The method employed in this artistic creation is the Practice-Led Research approach, which encompasses four operational stages, namely: (1) exploration or pre-design of the idea concept, (2) visual draft design of the collection, (3) sewing product realization, and (4) presentation or dissemination of the works. The results of this creative research are a three-piece premium collection intended for a family target market (adult male, adult female, and young boy), utilizing a harmonious palette of emerald green, ivory, and black. The expressive character of the dance's whip strokes is transformed into decorative details using structural cording textile manipulation techniques, combined with asymmetrical hanging overskirt panels and rhythmic teardrop sequin accents. The final stage of work presentation was conducted through product dissemination at the Grand Jury Event and the Annual Fashion Show "MADJADHIKARA" 2025 as a means of commercialization and preservation of traditional culture through modern fashion products.

Efektivitas Strategi Guru terhadap Peningkatan Literasi Siswa SDS IT Baruna Sibuhuan

Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Low reading interest among elementary school students remains a major challenge in developing a sustainable literacy culture. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of teachers' strategies in improving students' literacy at SD S IT Baruna Sibuhuan. The research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. The participants consisted of classroom teachers and first- and second-grade students. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documentation, and tests, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that teachers implemented various literacy strategies, including reading corners and classroom libraries, the School Literacy Movement through fifteen-minute reading activities before lessons, weekly literacy-based library visits, shared reading, group discussions, digital learning media, reward systems, and active collaboration with parents. These strategies effectively improved students' reading interest, reading habits, and literacy skills. Their success was supported by school leadership, parental involvement, and adequate facilities, while major challenges included excessive gadget use, limited non-textbook collections, and the need for continuous teacher professional development in literacy programs.

Taksonomi Nilai Adab QS Al-Hujurat 11 sebagai Basis Preventif Bullying: Kajian Tafsir Muqaran

ZULFAN SYAHANSYAH, LINDA PUSPITASARI — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Bullying in Islamic educational institutions is often addressed through regulation or post-incident counseling, while preventive value frameworks firmly grounded in Qur'anic text remain underdeveloped. This study analyzes the taxonomy of adab values in QS. Al-Hujurat verse 11 and formulates its relevance as a preventive framework for bullying. The study employs a qualitative library research approach using tafsir muqaran, comparing interpretations across five authoritative exegeses spanning different methods and eras, namely At-Tabari, Al-Baghawi, Ibn Kathir, As-Sa'di, and Al-Wasith, followed by a descriptive-analytical review of contemporary academic literature. The findings formulate four interlocking adab values: tawadhu' and tasamuh derived from the prohibition against mockery, ukhuwah with passive-active dimensions derived from the prohibition against defamation, and ihsan derived from the prohibition against abusive nicknames. The highest interpretive convergence appears in the prohibition against defamation. This taxonomy operates more concretely than maqashid-based approaches and offers a preventive function distinct from post-incident counseling models.

Penafsiran Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 148 (Studi Kasus MTQ Satu Syawal di Desa Muara Potan

Muhammad Roihan Lubis, Muhammad Rizqi, Febri Wardani, Irpan Rambe — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Musabaqah Tilawatil Qur’an (MTQ) is a religious activity that plays an important role in improving Qur’anic recitation skills while fostering children's interest in learning the Qur’an. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of MTQ, identify its supporting and inhibiting factors, and examine its impact on improving the Qur’anic recitation abilities of children in Muara Potan Village, Kota Nopan District. The study employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that the implementation of MTQ successfully enhanced children's interest, motivation, and Qur’anic recitation skills, as reflected by the increasing number of participants and the improvement in recitation quality over the years. The program's success was supported by strong collaboration among MDA teachers, community members, youth organizations, and parents. However, several challenges were identified, including limited funding, participant management, and reduced participation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, MTQ serves as an effective religious education program for strengthening children's Qur’anic reading competence and religious character in Muara Potan Village.

Kontribusi Kepemimpinan Strategis Terhadap Mutu Kebijakan Jangka Panjang Organisasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka

Nur Aisyah, Anisa Wulandari , Aos Kuswandi — Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Kepemimpinan strategis menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam mendukung keberlanjutan organisasi di tengah perkembangan teknologi, persaingan global, dan perubahan lingkungan yang semakin dinamis. Pengambilan keputusan jangka panjang yang efektif membutuhkan pemimpin yang mampu merumuskan arah strategis, menganalisis kondisi organisasi, serta beradaptasi terhadap berbagai perubahan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran kepemimpinan strategis dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pengambilan keputusan jangka panjang organisasi. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan mengkaji berbagai jurnal dan artikel ilmiah yang relevan mengenai kepemimpinan strategis dan pengambilan keputusan organisasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif melalui proses identifikasi, komparasi, interpretasi, dan sintesis berbagai sumber pustaka. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan strategis berperan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pengambilan keputusan melalui kemampuan berpikir visioner, analitis, komunikasi yang efektif, pelibatan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, serta kemampuan organisasi dalam beradaptasi terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Selain itu, efektivitas pengambilan keputusan juga dipengaruhi oleh kualitas informasi, budaya organisasi yang kolaboratif, partisipasi anggota, dan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Sintesis berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan strategis bukan sekadar memperbaiki ketepatan langkah, melainkan juga memantapkan daya saing dan keberlanjutan organisasi dalam jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, organisasi perlu mengembangkan kompetensi kepemimpinan strategis serta membangun sistem organisasi yang mendukung pengambilan keputusan yang adaptif.

MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PAI BERBASIS DIGITAL UNTUK PENGUATAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS: INTEGRASI PEMIKIRAN AL-FARABI, TEORI BANDURA, DAN BEHAVIORISME SKINNER

Rasti Astuti Laisaan, Sita Acetylena — Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Digital transformation in education has brought significant changes to the learning process, including in Islamic Religious Education (PAI). However, the use of technology in PAI instruction tends to focus on enhancing cognitive aspects rather than fully addressing the strengthening of students' religious character. This situation highlights the need to develop a digital-based PAI learning model that utilizes technology not merely as an instructional medium, but also as a means for internalizing values, fostering habits, and reinforcing character. This study aims to develop a conceptual model for digital-based PAI learning by integrating Al-Farabi’s educational thought, Albert Bandura’s social learning theory, and B.F. Skinner’s behaviorism. A qualitative approach utilizing library research methods was employed. Data were gathered through an examination of Al-Farabi’s major works, literature on Bandura’s and Skinner’s learning theories, and recent studies on the digitalization of Islamic education. Data analysis involved content analysis, comparative analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The findings indicate that Al-Farabi’s thought provides a philosophical foundation regarding the goal of education—shaping virtuous individuals on the path to happiness (sa‘ādah); the concept of al-takhyīl (imagination/representation) is relevant for development into "digital modeling" via visual and interactive media; and the concept of al-‘ādah (habituation) aligns with digital habituation through Skinner’s reinforcement mechanisms. Integrating these three perspectives yields a digital-based PAI learning model that combines digital modeling and digital habituation as strategies to strengthen religious character. This model asserts that digital technology functions not only as an instrument for knowledge transfer but also as an ecosystem for shaping students' religious values, attitudes, and behaviors.

Penokohan dalam Novel Lima Sekawan yang Melacak Jejak Rahasia Karya Enid Blyton

Jeverson Nawa Wanyi, Richard Oematan, Sanhedri Boimau — Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The problem raised in this study is: How is the characterization in the novel "The Famous Five: Five on a Secret Trail" by Enid Blyton? The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of the characterization in the novel "The Famous Five: Five on a Secret Trail" by Enid Blyton. The theory used in this study is psychoanalytic theory with a psychological approach. This theory was introduced by Sigmund Freud, which states that an individual's personality is formed by three elements. These influencing elements consist of the "Id" as innate instinct, the "Ego" as the personality system that acts as a guide for the individual toward reality, and the "Superego" as the moral principle. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique used in this study is the technique of reading the novel "The Famous Five: Five on a Secret Trail" by Enid Blyton. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the characters in the novel "The Famous Five: Five on a Secret Trail" by Enid Blyton can be divided into two categories: main characters and supporting characters. The main character in the novel "The Famous Five: Five on a Secret Trail" by Enid Blyton is Julian, who has a wise character. His psychological element is the ego. Meanwhile, the supporting characters are: (1) George, who has a caring and easily offended character. Her psychological elements are the ego and id. (2) Anne, who has a timid disposition. Her psychological element is the id. (3) Dick, who has a humorous character. His psychological element is the id. (4) Uncle Quentin, who has an irritable disposition. His psychological element is the id. (5) Aunt Fanny, who has a caring character. Her psychological element is the superego. (6) Guy, who has a rough disposition. His psychological element is the id. (7) Harry, who has a caring disposition. His psychological element is the superego. (8) The Inspector, who has a wise character. His psychological element is the ego. The results of this study are expected to be beneficial for Indonesian language and literature teachers as learning material, particularly in analyzing literary works from the aspect of characterization using psychological theory.