Pengaruh Penambahan Pembangkit Surya Terdistribusi terhadap Kestabilan Tegangan Jaringan

Abstract

Distributed solar generation is increasingly being implemented in modern distribution systems due to its ability to significantly improve energy efficiency while significantly reducing carbon emissions. However, high PV penetration often poses serious challenges to voltage stability due to the intermittent nature of solar irradiation, which causes power output frequency to fluctuate under various operating conditions. This study aims to analyze in depth the effect of PV integration on the voltage profile and operational stability of a 20 kV distribution network. The research methods include network modeling using Newton–Raphson power flow calculations and simulations of three penetration levels: 10%, 30%, and 50% of the load capacity. The results show that low to medium penetration can increase local voltage, reduce power losses, and improve the overall system operation quality. However, high penetration can cause overvoltage at network points with high impedance. Furthermore, variations in irradiation cause rapid and dynamic voltage changes. These findings emphasize the need for an appropriate voltage control strategy.